Tirzepatide vs Semaglutide: In-Depth Comparison

Tirzepatide and semaglutide are the top medications for type 2 diabetes and weight loss! But which is better for you? Find out how they compare in this guide.

Medically reviewed by Dr. Ruth Cohen,
Medical Director, Layla
Reviewed by
Dr. Ruth Cohen
Medical Director, Layla
Last Updated
July 17, 2024
8 clinical references

Source: RF._.studio via Pexels

Semaglutide and tirzepatide are known as leading prescription medications which are used to treat people with type 2 diabetes and maintain weight loss along with diet and exercise. Semaglutide is the main active ingredient in Wegovy, Rybelsus, and Ozempic, while Tirzepatide is found in Zepbound and Mounjaro. 

Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), which mimics the natural GLP-1 hormone in the body and is known for being effective in weight loss and treatment of type-2 diabetes. It also has cardiovascular benefits with GLP 1 receptor agonism and is known for its clinical benefits with systolic blood pressure. 

Tirzepatide, on the other hand, is a dual-acting glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist tirzepatide, which makes it suitable for type 2 diabetes and weight loss. In this guide, we take a closer look at the two prescription medications and how they compare in treating weight loss and type 2 diabetes. 

Semaglutide vs Tirzepatide: Which is More Effective for Weight Loss? 

Although semaglutide and tirzepatide are type 2 diabetes drugs, they are also used for weight loss. There have been direct and indirect treatment comparisons and sensitivity analysis of the two medications. 

Wegovy (semaglutide) has been approved by the US Food and Drugs Administration for managing weight, and other semaglutide brands are off-label and used for weight loss. It is administered in both oral tablets and injections. 

The difference between tirzepatide and semaglutide is that the former mimics the GLP-1 hormone and GIP hormone, which makes it more effective for weight loss. Its use in weight loss is off-label, as it is only approved for type 2 diabetes. It is only available as an injection. 

Semaglutide for Weight Loss in Patients 

Semaglutide for weight loss is administered as a weekly subcutaneous injection and has demonstrated efficacy in reduction in body weight for people with obesity. It works by decreasing appetite but also requires changes to diet and physical activity. Clinical trials have shown reductions in body weight ranging from 6 to 10 kg in patients on semaglutide. 

Tirzepatide for Weight Reduction 

Tirzepatide is more effective than semaglutide in weight loss, as clinical trials have shown 7 to 13 kg in patients. It reduces the appetite, slows down the time it takes for the stomach to empty, and makes your brain think you’re full. It’s not approved by the FDA for weight loss, but Zepbound (tirzepatide) is prescribed for off-label use. 

Comparing Body Weight Reduction with Tirzepatide vs Semaglutide 

Tirzepatide and semaglutide have demonstrated significant weight loss in patients who have type 2 diabetes. But, tirzepatide has a slightly higher weight loss range than semaglutide since it combines two drugs in one, making it suitable for adults with obesity.

Clinical Trials on Semaglutide and Tirzepatide 

Studies have shown that they are effective weight loss medications. This study revealed that once-weekly subcutaneous tirzepatide with diet and exercise could lead to a weight reduction of 20.9%, and continued treatment maintained the reduced weight. As for semaglutide, this study shows that the oral form offers a superior decrease in body weight in adults with obesity and without type 2 diabetes.

Clinical Efficacy on Weight Management in Patients 

While both semaglutide and tirzepatide are effective in promoting weight loss, the individual patient responses differ. Factors like adherence to treatment, baseline weight, and changes to lifestyle will influence how much weight is lost with either drug. But tirzepatide has a slightly higher range for weight management. 

Tirzepatide vs Semaglutide: A Comparison in Diabetes Management 

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Regarding the treatment of type 2 diabetes, semaglutide lowered the A1C levels by 1% to 2%, while tirzepatide reduced them by 2% to 2.5%. Ozempic and Rybelsus (semaglutide) and Mounjaro (tirzepatide) are effective in controlling blood sugar levels in adults with type 2 diabetes. Semaglutide also reduces the risk of major cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes, but it’s not proven with tirzepatide. 

Effectiveness of Semaglutide in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 

Semaglutide is highly effective in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus by reducing the A1C levels by about 1% to 2%. Semaglutide treatments are used to control blood sugar levels by stimulating insulin release from the pancreas when needed, slowing down gastric emptying, and reducing sugar production in the liver. According to this study, semaglutide 7mg and 14mg significantly lowered A1C in people with type 2 diabetes, thus reducing blood sugar levels.

Dosage Differences: Tirzepatide vs Semaglutide 

As a GLP 1 agonist, semaglutide is administered through oral tablets and subcutaneous administration in the management of type 2 diabetes. If you’re taking the oral tablets, here’s the dosage plan starting with the lowest dose:

  • Initial dose: 3mg orally once a day for 30 days.
  • Then, 7mg orally once a day.
  • May increase to 14mg orally once a day for at least 30 days for glycaemic control.
  • Maintenance dose: 7 to 14mg orally once a day. 

As for subcutaneous semaglutide, here’s the schedule:

  • Initial dose: 0.25 mg subcutaneously once a week for four weeks.
  • 0.5 subcutaneously once a week for four weeks.
  • May increase to 1mg subcutaneously once a week for glycemic control.
  • Maintenance dose: 0.5 to 1 mg subcutaneously once a week. 

It’s also possible for patients on semaglutide to switch between oral tablets and injections. If a patient is receiving 14 mg orally once a day, they can transition to 0.5 mg injections once a week after the last oral dose. 

The dose of tirzepatide is administered through subcutaneous injections. The adult dosage of once weekly tirzepatide for type 2 diabetes is as follows:

  • The initial dose is 2.5 mg subcutaneously once a week.
  • After four weeks, the dosage is increased to 5 mg once a week.
  • For additional glycemic control, the dosage can be increased in 2.5 mg increments.
  • The maximum dose is 15 mg once a week. 

GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: Tirzepatide vs Semaglutide 

Tirzepatide and semaglutide are GLP-1 receptor agonists, which replicate the action of the GLP-1 hormone found in the body. This makes it easier for them to improve blood sugar levels and improve body weight loss. 

Tirzepatide or Semaglutide: Which is Safer? 

Before deciding whether you want to take semaglutide or tirzepatide, you should keep some factors in mind, like their risk assessment and potential side effects in patients with type 2 diabetes. Tirzepatide has a very high safety profile with significant efficacy. As for semaglutide, it’s also safe with cardiovascular benefits but has mild side effects. Some studies have also shown that semaglutide injection increases the risk of developing tumors in the thyroid gland.

Risk Assessment: Semaglutide vs Tirzepatide 

Since semaglutide and tirzepatide are GLP-1 RAs, they work similarly and have the same side effects, although tirzepatide is a dual glucose dependent medication. They both have gastrointestinal side effects like nausea, diarrhea and vomiting. There are rare but adverse events like pancreatitis and thyroid tumors. Some of the moderate side effects of the semaglutide and tirzepatide dose are:

  • Constipation and diarrhea.
  • Upset stomach.
  • Abdominal pain.
  • Headache.
  • Fatigue.
  • Low blood sugar levels.
  • Low blood pressure, especially systolic blood pressure.

There’s not much difference between tirzepatide and semaglutide when looking at the side effects. If you experience any of the severe side effects below, seek medical care:

  • Vision changes.
  • Kidney failure.
  • Pancreatitis.
  • Gallbladder issues.
  • Allergic reactions in the treatment arms. 
  • Risk of thyroid C-cell tumors. 

Adverse Effects in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes 

When people with type 2 diabetes are administered the GLP 1 agonist, semaglutide or tirzepatide, they mostly cause gastrointestinal events. The symptoms usually start at the beginning of diabetes treatment, ranging from mild to moderate. However, as the patient adjusts to the medication, the adverse events will diminish. 

If the patient is unable to adjust to the medication, the doctor will recommend going back to the previous semaglutide or tirzepatide dose. There might also be injection site reactions in the treatment arms and hypoglycemia if it’s used concomitantly with anti-diabetic medications. 

Long-Term Safety Profile of Tirzepatide and Semaglutide 

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Semaglutide has been widely studied in long-term clinical trials, which makes it very safe and efficient in managing type 2 diabetes. Some long-term cardiovascular outcome studies have shown that semaglutide reduces the risk ratio of cardiovascular risks like heart disease in people with type 2 diabetes. It reduces the risk of stroke and death from cardiovascular disease. The cardiovascular benefits are advantageous to adults with type 2 diabetes.

The long-term safety data for tirzepatide is still evolving, but it has proven itself so far as a reliable medication. However, it’s not recommended for patients with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma and multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2). 

Conclusion 

Semaglutide and tirzepatide are the active ingredients in type 2 diabetes medications that are also prescribed for weight management. Tirzepatide may be more effective because of how it works, but the current research is incomplete. Your doctor will offer the best guidance on which drug offers more clinical benefits, especially in individuals without diabetes and in adults with obesity. 

Frequently Asked Questions: Tirzepatide vs Semaglutide 

Is tirzepatide better than semaglutide? 

In studies for weight loss, tirzepatide has been identified as a better medication. Tirzepatide is also potentially more effective in treating type 2 diabetes and provides better value for money for weight reduction. It stimulates more weight reduction than semaglutide. But, semaglutide has systolic blood pressure and cardiovascular benefits

Is tirzepatide more expensive than semaglutide? 

Subcutaneous tirzepatide is more expensive than subcutaneous semaglutide when you look at the direct costs, but when looking at the cost-effectiveness, it is better. It resulted in greater weight loss even if it cost more. The total cost of 72 weeks of tirzepatide is about $17,500, but for 68 weeks of semaglutide, it costs $22,800. 

Can you switch from semaglutide to tirzepatide? 

It is possible to switch from semaglutide to tirzepatide as they are GLP-1 agonists, but you should talk to your primary care physician before you change your medication to avoid any adverse events. Some doctors recommend switching to tirzepatide if you have maxed out on your semaglutide dosage. 

How quickly do you lose weight on tirzepatide? 

With a dose of tirzepatide, after four weeks, the average weight loss is 2% of body weight, and after eight weeks, it’s over 4%. The real effect of tirzepatide will be seen after three months. With tirzepatide, the dosage slowly increases over time, which amplifies the effect in adults with obesity.

What should you avoid while taking tirzepatide? 

When taking tirzepatide, you should avoid drinking alcohol and other medications like Ambien, Adderall, Claritin, and drugs that have GLP-1 RA. You should also avoid foods like fried and greasy foods, fatty foods, sugary sweets and treats. Also, refined carbohydrates and carbonated beverages should be avoided.

Who cannot take tirzepatide? 

Those with a medical history of medullary thyroid carcinoma and multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 cannot take doses of tirzepatide. It has also not been approved by the FDA for the treatment of weight loss in non-diabetic individuals. Those with insulin sensitivity would also be affected.

Is tirzepatide harmful to the kidneys? 

The impact of tirzepatide on the kidney differs based on the patient. However, studies have shown that there are some kidney-related side effects, such as reduced occurrence of a composite kidney outcome. This is still being studied. 

Is tirzepatide bad for the kidneys? 

Tirzepatide has implications for kidney health, but it is not bad. The effects differ from person to person. But, some studies funded by pharmaceutical companies show that those who take the GLP-1 agonist experience fewer renal complications and adverse events than those receiving basal insulin therapy, prandial insulin and other forms of insulin. 

How long should you take tirzepatide? 

The tirzepatide dose is given once a week every seven days, and you should keep taking it unless your healthcare provider tells you to stop. When taking the medication with prandial or basal insulin, you should inject it separately from insulin and avoid mixing it together. 

When is the best time to take tirzepatide? 

The best time to take tirzepatide depends on different factors, like your meal schedule and other medications. You should talk to your health care provider first. 

Can I take tirzepatide if I don’t have diabetes? 

Tirzepatide is used to treat adults with type 2 diabetes and is not typically prescribed for other purposes. It’s an off-label medication for weight loss. Seek medical care before taking tirzepatide or any other GLP-1 agonist.

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https://www.healthline.com/health/tirzepatide-vs-semaglutide#tirzepatide-vs-semaglutide

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Disclaimer

Off-Label Use: When discussing off-label uses, such as using Ozempic for weight loss, make it clear that this is not FDA-approved for that purpose. For example, you can add a disclaimer like: “While Ozempic is primarily approved for treating Type 2 diabetes, some healthcare providers may prescribe it off-label for weight loss. However, this use is not FDA-approved.”

Medical Advice Disclaimer: Clearly state that the article is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Encourage readers to consult with their healthcare provider before starting any new medication.

Tirzepatide: The New Challenger
Tirzepatide is relatively new to the market and works by activating both the GLP-1 and GIP receptors. This dual-action approach is theorized to offer more potent effects on weight loss and glucose control.
Advantages:
Early studies indicate that Tirzepatide may offer superior glucose-lowering effects and weight loss compared to GLP-1 agonists alone. The medication could potentially provide an improvement in treatment outcomes for individuals with type 2 diabetes, particularly those who are also focusing on weight loss as part of their treatment goals.
Considerations:
As a newer medication, Tirzepatide’s long-term safety profile is still being established. Patients may experience side effects similar to other medications in the GLP-1 class, and close monitoring by a healthcare provider is recommended.
Choosing the Right GLP-1 Medication with Layla
At Layla, we provide a comprehensive overview of the GLP-1 medication options available in our program, detailing the benefits and considerations of each to help you make an informed decision for diabetes management or weight loss.
Semaglutide
A widely chosen GLP-1 medication, Semaglutide boasts a high satisfaction rate among patients due to its convenience of once-weekly dosing and efficacy in reducing blood sugar levels and aiding weight loss. When selecting Semaglutide through Layla, consider how its dosing schedule and health benefits align with your lifestyle.
What makes Semaglutide a highly effective choice?
Caret

Acts on biological factors that can prevent weight loss
Suppresses appetite & helps you feel fuller, longer
Helps control blood sugars

Can I feel confident in the safety of Semaglutide?
Caret

3 MONTH STARTER PROGRAM
● Best value option
● Ideal for those commencing their weight loss journey
● Convenient billing method: $247 charged monthly
● Doses start at 0.25 mg/week, escalating to 2.5 mg/week (totaling 10 mg)
● Limited to one use per customer

MONTHLY PROGRAM
● $297 per month
● Available for customers starting at a higher dose or already on medication

How does the program work?
Caret

STEP 1: Place your order online and complete a medical intake form detailing your health and weight loss goals.

STEP 2: Connect with your physician through our HIPAA-compliant telehealth platform. No more waiting weeks or months for appointments.

STEP 3: Once approved, your prescription is sent to a pharmacy, which will deliver the medication straight to your door.

STEP 4: Ongoing Support. We regularly check in with you to ensure you're maximizing the benefits of our program. Our support team is available for chat, and you can message your doctor anytime with questions.

See available plans
Tirzepatide
Tirzepatide stands as a powerful GLP-1 medication alternative, particularly for those seeking an effective diabetes and weight management solution with a more spaced dosing regimen. Its administration through injections allows for flexible treatment planning tailored to individual needs.
What makes Tirzepatide a highly effective choice?
Caret

Acts on biological factors that can prevent weight loss
Suppresses appetite & helps you feel fuller, longer
Helps control blood sugars

Can I feel confident in the safety of Tirzepatide?
Caret

3 MONTH STARTER PROGRAM
● Best value option
● Ideal for those commencing their weight loss journey
● Convenient billing method: $247 charged monthly
● Doses start at 0.25 mg/week, escalating to 2.5 mg/week (totaling 10 mg)
● Limited to one use per customer

MONTHLY PROGRAM
● $297 per month
● Available for customers starting at a higher dose or already on medication

How does the program work?
Caret

STEP 1: Place your order online and complete a medical intake form detailing your health and weight loss goals.

STEP 2: Connect with your physician through our HIPAA-compliant telehealth platform. No more waiting weeks or months for appointments.

STEP 3: Once approved, your prescription is sent to a pharmacy, which will deliver the medication straight to your door.

STEP 4: Ongoing Support. We regularly check in with you to ensure you're maximizing the benefits of our program. Our support team is available for chat, and you can message your doctor anytime with questions.

See available plans

Unsure about the right treatment?

Our team can help. Answer a few quick questions about yourself, and we'll guide you to the most suitable treatment option.